Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of lanthanides for Vicia faba L. are mediated by their chemical speciation in different exposure media

A comprehensive study of the toxicity lanthanides (LN) in relation to media composition will enhance prediction their potential adverse effects for living organisms. Here we examined effect different on V. faba root elongation and cytotoxic (mitotic index) genotoxic (micronucleated cell number) from tests with Ce, Gd Lu (100, 800 6400 μg L−1). Three exposure were selected: standard Hoagland (SH); an alternative SH, without phosphates (SH-P); distilled water (DW). In SH no cyto-genotoxic observed even, low LN content, stimulation was reported. The absence toxic explained by a drastic decrease total dissolved concentration due presence causing precipitation. SH-P, remained largely soluble inhibition mainly highest treatments. While done DW, obtained all Our results showed that phosphorous, appear as free form complexed carbonates sulphates, can cause effects, whereas is not expected when phosphorous available aquatic media. contents using water, possibly competition Ca2+ uptake. present work demonstrated has great impact assessing ecotoxicology lanthanides.